Introduction
Sierra Leone is located in the northwest, north and northeast of the Republic of Guinea, the Republic of Liberia in the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest. It has an area of 27,925 square miles. The colony of Sierra Leone originated in the land sold and ceded by British chiefs to British settlers in 1787. These lands were intended to be home to African settlers who wandered in London and later used as settlements for the liberation of African slaves. The hinterland was declared a British protectorate on August 21, 1896. Sierra Leone gained independence on April 27, 1961 and became a republic in 1971. Private and state-sponsored schools provide education. The current education system is 6-3-4-4 [ie 6 years in primary school, 3 years in junior high school, 4 years in high school, 4 years in higher education].
values in education
Education is often used in classrooms, laboratories, studios, or home science studios, primarily for teacher-teaching, student-acquired, informational, psychological, and manual skills. A broader meaning than teaching is school education. That is to say, as part of the life of the students there, everything inside the school is happening. It includes, among other things, the relationship between students and teachers, students and students both inside and outside the school. JS Mill [1931] proposes to help shape humanity anyway; to make an individual his place or to prevent him from becoming part of his education that does not belong to him. Implicit education is omnipresent throughout life; it is the sum of all the effects of a person from birth to death. It includes families, neighbors and streets.
Education is, to some extent, a planned planning process designed and implemented by educators to provide learners with certain information, skills, ideas and bodies, and behavioral patterns that are deemed desirable. In a way, this is the learner's response to his or her environment. Education has three focuses: the individual/individual affected by the educator; the society or community to which he belongs; and the entire real-life context in which the individual and society function. Man is a social creature; he grows into a person through the influence of personality on personality; even for his basic physiological needs, he relies on the help and cooperation of his fellow men and women. In the absence of society and mutual support and rich experience, it is impossible to provide civilization. Human life, in Hobbes, is "lonely, poor, hateful, barbaric and short-lived."
One of the basic facts of human existence is the tension between the past and the future, the stability and change, and the tension between tradition and innovation. In order to live effectively, human beings need a safe circle, an established field of habits and relationships, to form a reliable relationship. The same is true of society. In order to function effectively, it is necessary to maintain the continuity of tradition and prospects, maintain its identity as a society, and protect it from the devastating effects of change. Change must be life, not static, but this change must in turn be controlled by the basic traditions of society. Tradition gives a country the characteristics and uniqueness of a society. Therefore, the tradition of protection is clearly crucial.
It has been recognized from ancient times that the protection of traditional education is crucial to the development of children. Today's children are adults of tomorrow; therefore, they must be trained to inherit and continue the beliefs and lifestyles that are unique to the particular society they belong to. Because every society wants to not only keep itself physically, but also consciously share certain goals, ideals and behavior patterns in the community. This type of education is not necessarily formalized in the classroom through school, but is influenced indirectly through the family and through the social influences and customs that the child cannot avoid. In Sierra Leone, this social education includes elaborate enlightenment rituals, including endurance, in which young men and women must prove that they deserve to be community. The ultimate goal is to cultivate an individual who is honest, respectful, skilled, cooperative, and able to conform to the social order of the time. As Aristotle once said, "If education is neglected, the constitution of the country will suffer. The citizens of the country should always be educated to adapt to the constitution of the country. Because it is also the national power that originally created it" [ pI].
Traditional education in society
Traditional education has creative and protective functions in society; it is a powerful means of protecting social customs, even if it is not culture. In the past, the nature and needs of society played a crucial role in determining the nature of education. Professor MVC Jeffreys [1950] wrote in his book Glaucon, "In a quiet society, the education system will tend to reflect social patterns, and social unrest and instability create opportunities to use education as a tool for social change. "[p 7]. John Dewey [1897] also holds a similar view. He believes that by educating society, it can form its own purpose, and can organize its own means and resources to save in a clear and economical way in the direction of its desired action. Yourself. Education pays attention to both the past and the future; it inevitably reflects the traditions and characteristics of society. Traditional education can be used to prepare for social change, predicting and preventing the effects of social change or change.
Traditional education preserves and conveys customs and lifestyles that determine social identity and unity. It also helps society to explain its functions in new ways to meet the challenges of change, to find ways or developments that are consistent with traditions and customs, and to promote a more complete realization of society.
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Sierra Leone's traditional educational institution
History shows that in the former colony of Sierra Leone, there are no formal schools to educate children. Poro and the Bondo/Sande Secret Society are considered institutions for training children. They are jungle schools. The education provided by these jungle schools is informal. Children who pass through these secret societies are considered capable of fulfilling their civic responsibilities. They can get married and start living when they are adults. They think they are a family. In other words, regardless of the family, clan or ethnic relationship, the two secret societies create a sense of friendship and solidarity among the members. Considering that children who have not experienced these secret societies are not fully mature.
The Poro Secret Association is suitable for boys. The spiritual leader of the Poro society is Pa Gbonu, which can only be seen by older graduates or members. The heads of the entities are Pa Sama Yorgbors and Pa Somanos. They guide the activities of the institution. The senior lecturer is Pa Kashis, who usually teach and give instructions to other sponsors. Pa Manchiyas is a teacher of fellow initiates, and Kachemas is a frightening spirit. Together with the new fellow initiates, they scare women and children. Lacas is the errand boy who delivers information. Yambas is a boy. Bomos is a senior prefect, while Sayboms is the governor; the monitor is Gbanaboms. The informal course was held at Secret Poro Bush. Professor's subjects include creative practice art, performing arts, practical agriculture, medicine, ie using local herbs to treat different diseases], war and other skills. In the art of creative practice, beginners are taught how to make fishing nets, baskets, mats, and carving wood and soap stones into different objects, such as animals and humans; in performing arts, fellow initiates sing, dance, and use Poro instruments. . Practical agriculture began to practice agriculture. The boy is taught to withstand difficulties and get used to it without complaining. Therefore, they were taken to their teachers and the farm of the elderly, working free of charge. However, during the harvest season, fellow initiates can take any food they need through these farms and are not questioned by the farmer. Instruct beginners to respect the elders and use guns to kill animals. In a similar situation, ascending initiates are taught how to use guns to fight to protect their communities. Fellowships who teach other skills include making fish traps, fishing and hunting nets, and baskets. When using herbs, beginners pay [some freely] to treat various diseases and protect them from enemies, evil spirits and snake bites. Fellow initiates who want to use herbs to injure others can redeem the herbs/drugs they have. A new language is taught on all ascending initiates, and this language can only be used by members named Ke Sornor. For example, fonka trika means that I am talking to you; fonka bonomi means to talk to me. The use of this new language makes graduates very proud and different from non-cultivators. The graduates introduced new names such as Lamp, Langba and Kolerr. The graduation ceremony brought the event to a climax.
Parents have made a lot of preparations for graduates, including sewing dresses. To commemorate the graduation ceremony, there is a feast,...
Orignal From: Traditional educational institution for children's education in Sierra Leone
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