Fixed wireless is a method of transmitting high-speed data traffic over a wireless connection between two fixed points. User services include microwave antennas and radios on the customer's roof for transmitting and receiving RF signals. The customer's antenna points to the RF transceiver [access point] of the service provider located on the radio tower or high-rise building. The fixed wireless connection to the customer has a clear line of sight [LOS] to the access point, which can reach 50 miles and data rates up to hundreds of Mbps.
Fixed wireless has two configurations, point-to-point [PtP] or point-to-multipoint [PtMP]. The PtP network connects two locations by using two radios and two antennas dedicated to each other. A PtMP network refers to communication between an access point and multiple client radios. Fixed wireless can use frequencies in licensed or unlicensed bands. Unlicensed bands at 900MHz [902-928], 2.4GHz, 5.3GHz, 5.4GHz, 5.8GHz, 24GHz and 60GHz are exempt from FCC licensing requirements. Despite the speed of deployment, unlicensed wireless systems are not committed to exclusive use of this band and are subject to potential interference. The licensed microwave radio system operates internally in portions of the radio spectrum [VHF, 900 MHz, 2 GHz, 3.65 GHz, 4.9 GHz, 6 GHz, 7 GHz, 11 GHz, 13 GHz, 18 GHz, 23 GHz and 80 GHz]. To operate a licensed microwave fixed radio system, you must apply for a license from the FCC. License operators can use some of the bands exclusively within a given geographic area.
Fixed wireless broadband is designed to simulate coaxial cable connections and support TDM and packet traffic such as T1, T3, Frame Relay, Ethernet and ATM. The combination of high-capacity carrier-grade wireless backhaul radio and Ethernet provides a smooth evolution to advanced packet-based radio performance and facilitates cost-effective, risk-free migration to IP/Ethernet. Enhanced fixed wireless provides Internet, voice and MPLS, all with guaranteed service level agreements. The benefits of fixed wireless include lower cost, greater flexibility and faster deployment. Reliability is comparable to wired networks and can be designed to achieve 99.999% availability. Service operators make every effort to ensure data transmission security by using high-gain directional antennas, closely focusing the signals and pointing them precisely to the customer's CPE. Fixed wireless broadband only sends and receives encrypted signals from specific authenticated devices. It embodies the Advanced Encryption Standard [AES], the standard adopted by the US government to protect its data. Here, fixed wireless data transmission using AES is as secure as any transmission in the world.
The latest technological innovations make fixed wireless a competitive mode of broadband delivery in increasingly high-density environments such as suburban, urban and corporate customers. Multi-input multi-output or MIMO technology continues to improve spectral efficiency by increasing the number of MIMO streams and smart antenna array technologies, enabling rapid growth in bandwidth capacity. Antenna beamforming is a key technology that enables the spectrum used by access points to be reused simultaneously by multiple clients. Beamforming uses the precise geographic location information from each wireless client to focus the wireless antenna transmit signal to each unique client, enabling improved focused wireless signals and significantly reducing interference in the spectrum. Since beamforming isolates the client signal, it creates a spatial opportunity in the spectrum to use SDMA [space division multiple access] while using other MIMO streams. This is called multi-user [MU-] MIMO. When downstream traffic reaches multiple clients, the access point identifies geolocation-based beamforming opportunities to simultaneously serve these clients, thereby greatly increasing the capacity of the radio. MU-MINO enables fixed wireless to provide fiber-optic broadband connectivity at a fraction of the cost of traditional wired solutions, from low-density rural broadband to high-capacity, high-reliability business connectivity.
Orignal From: Fixed wireless broadband access
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